A tutorial for the modern web designer
Embracing the OSX command prompt can significantly streamline your workflow as a web designer. This guide introduces you to the essentials of using the command line, tailored specifically for web design tasks. With practical examples and detailed explanations, you’ll learn how to navigate, manage files, and utilize tools that make your design process more efficient.
Introduction to Terminal
The Terminal app in OSX is a gateway to using the command line interface (CLI). It allows direct communication with your operating system through text commands, bypassing the graphical user interface (GUI).
Opening Terminal
- Navigate to
Applications > Utilities > Terminal
. - Alternatively, use Spotlight (
Cmd + Space
) and type “Terminal”.
Basic Commands
Understanding basic commands is essential for navigating and manipulating files directly from the command line.
pwd
(Print Working Directory): Shows your current directory.ls
(List): Lists files in the current directory. Usels -l
for a detailed list.cd
(Change Directory): Changes the current directory. Usecd ..
to go up one directory.
cd ~/Documents/DesignProjects
Managing Files and Directories
Create, copy, move, and delete files and directories using simple commands.
mkdir
(Make Directory): Creates a new directory.
mkdir NewProject
touch
: Creates a new file.
touch index.html
cp
(Copy): Copies files or directories.
cp index.html about.html
mv
(Move): Moves or renames files or directories.
mv about.html ./NewProject/
rm
(Remove): Deletes files or directories. Use rm -r
for directories.
rm old_design.png
Utilizing Version Control with Git
Version control is crucial for managing changes to your project files. Git is a powerful tool for this purpose.
- Install Git: Check if Git is installed by typing
git --version
. If not, download it from git-scm.com. - Initialize a Repository:
git init
Track Changes:
git add .
git commit -m "Initial commit"
Automating Tasks with NPM Scripts
NPM (Node Package Manager) scripts can automate tasks like minifying CSS or compiling SASS/LESS.
- Install Node.js: Includes NPM. Check installation with
node -v
andnpm -v
. - Initialize NPM in your project directory:
npm init -y
Install a Package (e.g., Sass):
npm install sass --save-dev
Add a Script to package.json
to compile Sass:
"scripts": {
"sass": "sass --watch scss:css"
}
Run the Script:
npm run sass
Accessing Remote Servers
Web designers often need to access remote servers for deploying websites or managing files.
- Secure Shell (SSH): Securely log into remote servers.
ssh username@yourserver.com
Secure Copy (SCP): Transfer files to a remote server.
scp local_file.html username@yourserver.com:/remote/directory
Conclusion
The command line is a powerful tool that can enhance your productivity as a web designer. By mastering these commands and utilities, you can streamline your design and development process, automate repetitive tasks, and efficiently manage project files. Embrace the CLI as part of your design toolkit to unlock a new level of efficiency and control in your workflow.